An overview to cell cycle control by microRNAs and some key proteins S Biology Diagrams In this study, we have analyzed microRNA regulation of translation at additional stages of the cell cycle. We observe the strongest repressive potential in the S and S/G 2 phases with minimal repression in the G 1 phase. Since asynchronously growing cells are predominantly in G 1, these data may explain the variability in magnitude of microRNA-mediated repression reported in the literature. The cell division cycle is regulated through multiple molecular pathways and checkpoints. Most adult mammalian cells are quiescent (i.e. out of the cell cycle) and re-entry into the cell cycle requires the inactivation of the retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and the transcription of genes required for DNA replication during S (for DNA Synthesis) phase or chromosome segregation during mitosis (M
2.3. Cell Cycle Regulation. Next, we study the roles of microRNA in modulation of cell cycle by incorporating a microRNA, that is, miR369-3, into a detailed model. Recently, experimental report by Vasudevan et al. revealed that microRNA can up-regulate gene expression in G0/G1 arrest during mammalian cell cycle [].In fact, they carried out a series of experiments by connecting a reporter mRNA
Circular reasoning: microRNAs and cell Biology Diagrams
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have attracted considerable attention because of their important roles in development, normal physiology, and disease states including cancer. Recent studies have identified specific miRNAs that regulate the cell cycle and have documented that the loss or gain of miRNA-mediated cell-cycle control contributes to malignancy. miRNAs regulate classic cell-cycle control pathways miRNA-mediated regulation of cell cycle in HSCs. (a) The schematic describes miRNAs (e.g. miR-125, miR-126, miR-33, miR-146 and let-7) with critical roles in the cell cycle regulation in adult HSCs by directly targeting cell cycle components. Furthermore, miR-29 and miR-124, which target components involved in DNA methylation, indirectly The miR-16 family, which targets genes important for the G1-S transition, is a known modulator of the cell cycle, and members of this family are often deleted or downregulated in many types of cancers. Here, we report the reciprocal relationship—that of the cell cycle controlling the miR-16 family. Levels of this family increase rapidly as cells are arrested in G0. Conversely, as cells are
miRNA-mediated regulation of cell cycle in HSCs. (a) The schematic describes miRNAs (e.g. miR-125, miR-126, miR-33, miR-146 and let-7) with critical roles in the cell cycle regulation in adult HSCs by directly targeting cell cycle components. Furthermore, miR-29 and miR-124, which target components involved in DNA methylation, indirectly
Cell Cycle Regulation of Stem Cells by MicroRNAs Biology Diagrams
However, the biological relevance of such an miRNA-mediated regulation of the cell-cycle machinery in vivo remains unclear. One of the best-described examples of miRNAs that target cell-cycle proteins is the miR-34 family, which includes family members miR-34a, miR-34b, and miR-34c.
